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Analysis of the treatment outcomes of esophageal variceal bleeding patients from multiple centers in

WANG Zhiqiang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 171-173 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0031-0

摘要： This study aimed to investigate the treatment outcomes of esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) in China. A total of 1087 cases were collected from 19 hospitals in 16 large and medium sized cities across China between January 1st, 2005 and January 1st, 2006. There were 313 cases (29.0%) of mild (<400 mL), 494 cases (45.8%) of moderate (400–1500 mL) and 272 cases (25.2%) of severe (>1500 mL) bleeding. Successful hemostasis was achieved in 89.8% of cases. Seven hundred and eighty-five cases were treated by medication with a hemostasis rate of 91.8%. Seventy-one cases were treated using a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube with a hemostasis rate of 54.9%. Thirty-seven cases were treated with emergency endoscopic variceal ligation with a hemostasis rate of 83.8%. Seventy-seven cases were treated with endoscopic sclerotherapy with a hemostasis rate of 94.8%. Forty-three cases were treated with emergency surgical operation with a hemostasis rate of 95.3%. Sixty-six cases were treated with combined therapy with a hemostasis rate of 97.0%. There was a significant difference ( < 0.01) in the successful hemostasis rate between different treatments. The overall mortality was 10.1%, among which 6.6% was directly caused by bleeding. The multivariate logistic regression analysis shows that the severity of bleeding, treatment methods, liver dysfunction and activation of hepatitis were predictive factors for successful hemostasis. Most cases of EVB were mild and moderate in severity. The first-line treatment for EVB is medication. Emergency endoscopic intervention has not been widely available yet. The overall management outcome of EVB has been improved.

关键词： significant difference     predictive     medication     first-line treatment     bleeding    

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Comprehensive treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure in a patient with hepatitis B: a case report

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 250-253 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0333-3

摘要：

The clinical data of a patient with acute-on-chronic liver failure were analyzed retrospectively. The patient has suffered from hepatitis B for 30 years. His liver function deteriorated, yielding Child-Pugh grade C and reaching a model for end-stage liver disease score of 33 points within a short period; this condition was complicated with highly active variceal bleeding and coagulation system failure (PT > 100 s). The patient also presented hepatocellular carcinoma. Comprehensive treatments included effective inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication and intensive care support. Piggyback orthotopic liver transplantation was performed as the final treatment. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged after surgery.

关键词： acute-on-chronic liver failure     submassive necrosis     viral hepatitis B     esophageal variceal bleeding     liver transplantation    

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Molecular alterations and clinical relevance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 401-410 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0286-y

摘要：

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common types of gastrointestinal cancers, and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. Early detection and intervention in time may dramatically increase the survival of the patients by initiating treatment regimens during earlier stages of ESCC or even during precancerous stages. Molecular classification will be useful for subtyping esophageal tumors or precancerous lesions to improve current therapeutics or early intervention of the disease. In this review, we summarize the findings in investigating the molecular alterations and clinical relevance of ESCC.

关键词： esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)     early detection     molecular classification     molecular markers    

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Repurposed benzydamine targeting CDK2 suppresses the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 290-303 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0956-8

摘要： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. It is urgent to develop new drugs to improve the prognosis of ESCC patients. Here, we found benzydamine, a locally acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, had potent cytotoxic effect on ESCC cells. Benzydamine could suppress ESCC proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In terms of mechanism, CDK2 was identified as a target of benzydamine by molecular docking, pull-down assay and in vitro kinase assay. Specifically, benzydamine inhibited the growth of ESCC cells by inhibiting CDK2 activity and affecting downstream phosphorylation of MCM2, c-Myc and Rb, resulting in cell cycle arrest. Our study illustrates that benzydamine inhibits the growth of ESCC cells by downregulating the CDK2 pathway.

关键词： benzydamine     cyclin-dependent kinase 2     patient-derived xenograft     esophageal squamous cell carcinoma    

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Present status and progress of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 172-179 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0268-0

摘要：

Trimodality based on neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery is gaining popularity as a treatment strategy for locally advanced esophageal cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of nCRT and the recommended nCRT regimens based on clinical trials and meta-analyses. We analyze the relationship of nCRT with pathologic complete response (pCR) and then identify potential predictive markers of response. Compared with surgery alone and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery, trimodality provides longer survival and has the advantage of local control compared with definitive chemoradiotherapy. The standard regimen is a platinum-based regimen with a radiation dose range of 41.4–50.4βGy by conventional fractionation. Evidence shows that patients with pCR tend to live longer than non-responders, indicating that pCR is a significant prognostic factor for patients with esophageal cancer. Individualized medicine requires predictive markers of individual patients based on their own genes. Currently, no definite marker is proved to be sufficiently sensitive and specific for use in clinical practice, although 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography shows promise in predicting response to nCRT.

关键词： esophageal cancer     neoadjuvant     chemoradiotherapy    

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U-shaped association between telomere length and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk: a case-control

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 478-486 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0420-0

摘要：

Telomeres play a critical role in biological ageing by maintaining chromosomal integrity and preventing chromosome ends fusion. Epidemiological studies have suggested that inter-individual differences of telomere length could affect predisposition to multiple cancers, but evidence regarding esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was still uncertain. Several telomere length-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (TL-SNPs) in Caucasians have been reported in genome-wide association studies. However, the effects of telomere length and TL-SNPs on ESCC development are unclear. Therefore, we conducted a case-control study (1045 ESCC cases and 1433 controls) to evaluate the associations between telomere length, TL-SNPs, and ESCC risk in Chinese population. As a result, ESCC cases showed overall shorter relative telomere length (RTL) (median: 1.34) than controls (median: 1.50, P<0.001). More interestingly, an evident nonlinear U-shaped association was observed between RTL and ESCC risk (P<0.001), with odds ratios (95% confidence interval) equal to 2.40 (1.84–3.14), 1.36 (1.03–1.79), 1.01 (0.76–1.35), and 1.37 (1.03–1.82) for individuals in the 1st (the shortest), 2nd, 3rd, and 5th (the longest) quintile, respectively, compared with those in the 4th quintile as reference group. No significant associations were observed between the eight reported TL-SNPs and ESCC susceptibility. These findings suggest that either short or extremely long telomeres may be risk factors for ESCC in the Chinese population.

关键词： esophageal squamous cell carcinoma     telomere length     genetic variants     susceptibility     genome-wide association study    

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The value of epigenetic markers in esophageal cancer

Xiao-Mei ZHANG, Ming-Zhou GUO,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 378-384 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0230-3

摘要： Developing esophageal cancer is a multi-step process that begins with the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations, and leads to the activation of oncogenes and the inactivation or loss of tumor suppressor genes (TSG). In addition to genetic alteration, epigenetic modifications, and in particular DNA methylation, are recognized as a common molecular alteration in human tumors. In esophageal cancer, aberrant methylation of promoter regions occurs not only in advanced cancer, but also in premalignant lesions. DNA methylation is related to survival time and sensitivity of chemoradiotherapy. This review is mainly focused on epigenetic changes in esophageal cancer and the value of early detection for patient prognosis, treatment choices, and potential targeting therapy.

关键词： epigenetics     DNA methylation     esophageal cancer     dysplasia    

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Effects of microfine aggregate in manufactured sand on bleeding and plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete

Branavan ARULMOLY; Chaminda KONTHESINGHA; Anura NANAYAKKARA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第11期   页码 1453-1473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0877-2

摘要： Construction industries have started to utilize manufactured sand (MS) as an effective alternative for river sand in concrete. High-grade parent rocks are crushed to obtain MS, which also produces a considerable amount of microfine aggregate (MFA). The higher percentage of MFA could lead to both positive and negative effects on the performance of cement-based mixes. This research was done to examine the influence of varying MFA levels, specifically 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% (by weight) as the partial replacements of MS on bleeding and plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete. In addition to the varying MFA levels, some concrete mixes also included fly ash (FA) and superplasticizer to investigate the effect of free-water content in the mixes. The bleeding test data were taken as on-site measurements, while the cracks from the plastic shrinkage cracking test were evaluated using an image processing technique. The results concluded that the MFA replacements and the effective water-to-cement ratio have a significant effect on the selected concrete properties. With the increasing replacement levels, cumulative bleeding and crack initiation life gradually decreased, while a progressive increase was observed for crack width, crack length, and crack area.

关键词： manufactured sand     fresh concrete     microfines     admixtures     shrinkage     cracking    

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Potential functions of esophageal cancer-related gene-4 in the cardiovascular system

Rui Zhou, Yuanshu Liu, Wenjun Huang, Xitong Dang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 639-645 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0701-0

摘要： Esophageal cancer-related gene-4 ( ) is cloned from the normal epithelium of the esophagus. It is constitutively expressed in quiescent epithelial cells and downregulated during tumorigenesis, and expression levels are inversely correlated with the malignant phenotype of tumor cells, validating that is a real tumor suppressor gene. Unlike other tumor suppressor genes that usually encode membrane or intracellular proteins, encodes a 148-amino acid pre-pro-peptide that is tethered on the cell surface in epithelial cells, specialized epithelial cells, and human leukocytes, where it can be processed tissue dependently into several small peptides upon cell activation. Ecrg4 is expressed in a wide variety of other cells/tissues, including cardiomyocytes and conduction system of the heart，, the glomus cells of the carotid body, adrenal glands, choroid plexus, and leukocytes among others, where it exerts distinct functions, such as promoting/suppressing inflammation, inducing neuron senescence, stimulating the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis, maintaining the stemness of stem cells, participating in the rhythm and rate control of the heart, and possibly gauging the responsiveness of the cardiovascular system (CVS) to hypoxia, in addition to tumor suppression. Here, we briefly review the latest discoveries on Ecrg4 and its underlying molecular mechanisms as a tumor suppressor and focus on the emerging roles of Ecrg4 in the CVS.

关键词： tumor suppressor gene     esophageal cancer-related gene-4     cardiovascular disease     hypoxia    

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GDF15 negatively regulates chemosensitivity via TGFBR2-AKT pathway-dependent metabolism in esophageal

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 119-131 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0949-7

摘要： Treating patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is challenging due to the high chemoresistance. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is crucial in the development of various types of tumors and negatively related to the prognosis of ESCC patients according to our previous research. In this study, the link between GDF15 and chemotherapy resistance in ESCC was further explored. The relationship between GDF15 and the chemotherapy response was investigated through in vitro and in vivo studies. ESCC patients with high levels of GDF15 expression showed an inferior chemotherapeutic response. GDF15 improved the tolerance of ESCC cell lines to low-dose cisplatin by regulating AKT phosphorylation via TGFBR2. Through an in vivo study, we further validated that the anti-GDF15 antibody improved the tumor inhibition effect of cisplatin. Metabolomics showed that GDF15 could alter cellular metabolism and enhance the expression of UGT1A. AKT and TGFBR2 inhibition resulted in the reversal of the GDF15-induced expression of UGT1A, indicating that TGFBR2-AKT pathway-dependent metabolic pathways were involved in the resistance of ESCC cells to cisplatin. The present investigation suggests that a high level of GDF15 expression leads to ESCC chemoresistance and that GDF15 can be targeted during chemotherapy, resulting in beneficial therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： GDF15     esophageal squamous cell carcinoma     chemoresistance     cellular metabolism     TGFBR2     AKT    

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p53 functional activation is independent of its genotype in five esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell

Junfang JI, Kun WU, Min WU, Qimin ZHAN,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 412-418 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0260-x

摘要： mutations have been found in many esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) clinical specimens and cell lines. We reasoned that functional inactivation of wild-type or the functional activation of mutant-type might exist in these specimens and cell lines. In this study, we identified the correlation between p53 functional activation and its genotype in five different ESCC cell lines. To examine the potential p53 activation in a certain ESCC cell line, DNA damage methods including X-ray exposure and cisplatin treatment were employed to treat cells. Further, the expression of p53 protein and four transcripts of well-known p53 target genes were investigated using Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after cell exposure to DNA damage. The results showed that in KYSE 30 cell line with mutant and KYSE 150 with wild-type , p53 could be activated by DNA damages. However, p53 could not be activated following the DNA damages in YES 2 with wild-type , KYSE 70 with mutant , and EC9706 with unknown genotype. All our data indicated that p53 function in certain cells is not closely correlated with its genotype. To judge p53 function in a particular cell line, it is important to examine the p53 functional activation, but not to simply rely on the genotype.

关键词： p53     esophageal squamous cell carcinoma     DNA damage    

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Esophageal pulse oximetry is more accurate and detects hypoxemia earlier than conventional pulse oximetry

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 406-410 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0217-3

摘要：

The esophagus is perfused directly by prominent arteries and may provide a more consistent tissue source for pulse oximetry. The goal of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and accuracy of an esophageal pulse oximetry probe on patients during controlled hypoxemia in comparison to measurements obtained with conventional pulse oximetry (SpulseO2). Forty-five ASA I–II adult patients were included in this prospective observational study. Nellcor digital oximetric probes were placed on finger tips for SpulseO2 before anesthesia. After tracheal intubation, an esophageal probe was placed in the lower segment of the esophagus for esophageal oximetric monitoring (SoesO2). All patients were disconnected from the breathing circuit to establish a controlled hypoxemia, and were re-connected to the breathing circuit and ventilated with 100% oxygen immediately when SoesO2 dropped to 90%. Matched SoesO2 and SpulseO2 readings were recorded when SoesO2measurements were at 100%, 95%, 90% and the lowest reading. The time for SoesO2 and SpulseO2 to drop from 100% to 95%, 90% and return to 100% was recorded. Oxygen saturation from arterial blood samples (SartO2) was also measured at each time point respectively. The linear correlation coefficient of the regression analysis between SartO2 and SoesO2 was 0.954. The mean±2SD of the difference was 0.3%±4.3% for SoesO2vs. SartO2 and 6.8%±5.6% for SpulseO2vs. SartO2 (P<0.001). The 95% confidence interval for the absolute difference between SoesO2 and SartO2 was 0.3% to 0.7% and 6.2% to 7.4% between SpulseO2 and SartO2. The time to reach 90% saturation measured with SoesO2 was approximately 94 seconds earlier than the SpulseO2 (P<0.001). In conclusion, SoesO2 is more accurate and enables earlier detection of hypoxemia when compared to conventional pulse oximetry during hypoxemia for patients undergoing general anesthesia.

关键词： esophageal pulse oximetry     conventional pulse oximetry     hypoxemia    

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Properties of cement grout modified with ultra-fine slag

Sowmini GOPINATHAN, K B ANAND

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 58-66 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0383-0

摘要： The purpose of the study is to obtain a cement grout with improved performance. The grout mixes of the present study contain cement, ultra-fine slag (UFS), super plasticizer and water. Properties like flowability, bleeding, compressive strength and shrinkage of cement grouts have been studied. Rheological parameters were also studied in order to explain the grout workability. The results show that, cement replacement with slag in grouts could reduce bleeding substantially without affecting the workability of the mixes. Introduction of slag enhanced the compressive strength and reduced shrinkage reasonably. Ultra-fine slag can be used as a supplementary cementitious material in cementitious grouts in order to improve the grout behavior.

关键词： cement grout     ultra-fine slag     flowability     bleeding     viscosity    

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Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhotic esophageal varices and hypersplenism: a

JIANG Bin, CHEN Xiaoping, HUANG Zhiyong, ZHANG Zhiwei, HE Songqing, WANG Shaofa, WU Zaide, QIU Fazu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 24-29 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0005-7

摘要： In treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with advanced cirrhosis, one of the most difficult problems is concomitant esophageal varices and hypersplenism. Whether these conditions should be treated surgically in association with HCC resection is still in debate. To elucidate whether esophageal devascularization or splenectomy is beneficial when simultaneously performed with liver resection in HCC patients with both varices and hypersplenism, HCC patients ( = 184) with esophageal varices and hypersplenism received one of the three treatments: simultaneous liver resection and esophageal devascularization (Group I, = 41); simultaneous liver resection and splenectomy (Group II, = 61); liver resection only (Group III, = 82). The incidences of postoperative complications of the three groups were 31.7%, 29.5% and 24.4%, respectively, with no significant difference among them. The 5-year tumor-free survival rates for the group I, group II and group III were 34.1%, 36.1% and 37.8%, respectively. Variceal bleeding caused death by only 4.2% in group I, but by 14.3% in group II and 23.2% in group III. The survival rates in the group I and the group II were comparable to those in the group III, however, the recurrences of postoperative fatal variceal bleeding in group I and group II were significantly lower than those in group III. The results suggest that HCC patients with esophageal varices and hypersplenism should undergo hepatic resection plus esophageal devascularization or splenectomy if radical resection of HCC can be expected.
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功能影像检测食管癌放疗过程中再增殖和乏氧以及预测临床疗效研究

于金明

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第7期   页码 9-19

摘要：

18F-FLT PET能监测食管鳞癌放疗过程中肿瘤和正常组织的生物学变化，其较18F-FDG PET能较好区分炎症和肿瘤，能检测食管肿瘤放疗过程中的加速再增殖,18F-FETNIM PET能检测食管鳞癌的乏氧状态,18F-FLT PET和18F-FETNIM PET作为一种非创伤性的影像学技术，能为肿瘤医生提供一个早期评价治疗反应，检测放疗过程中的再增殖克隆源细胞、乏氧和评价新辅助治疗疗效的手段。18F-FLT PET和18F-FETNIM PET能为放射治疗确定“再增殖”和“乏氧”生物学靶区，以通过剂量调强放疗提高再增殖和乏氧区域放疗剂量，提高肿瘤的局部控制率和远期生存。

关键词： 食管肿瘤     放射疗法     正电子发射型     再增殖     乏氧    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Analysis of the treatment outcomes of esophageal variceal bleeding patients from multiple centers in

WANG Zhiqiang

期刊论文

Comprehensive treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure in a patient with hepatitis B: a case report

null

期刊论文

Molecular alterations and clinical relevance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

null

期刊论文

Repurposed benzydamine targeting CDK2 suppresses the growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

期刊论文

Present status and progress of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer

null

期刊论文

U-shaped association between telomere length and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk: a case-control

null

期刊论文

The value of epigenetic markers in esophageal cancer

Xiao-Mei ZHANG, Ming-Zhou GUO,

期刊论文

Effects of microfine aggregate in manufactured sand on bleeding and plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete

Branavan ARULMOLY; Chaminda KONTHESINGHA; Anura NANAYAKKARA

期刊论文

Potential functions of esophageal cancer-related gene-4 in the cardiovascular system

Rui Zhou, Yuanshu Liu, Wenjun Huang, Xitong Dang

期刊论文

GDF15 negatively regulates chemosensitivity via TGFBR2-AKT pathway-dependent metabolism in esophageal

期刊论文

p53 functional activation is independent of its genotype in five esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell

Junfang JI, Kun WU, Min WU, Qimin ZHAN,

期刊论文

Esophageal pulse oximetry is more accurate and detects hypoxemia earlier than conventional pulse oximetry

null

期刊论文

Properties of cement grout modified with ultra-fine slag

Sowmini GOPINATHAN, K B ANAND

期刊论文

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhotic esophageal varices and hypersplenism: a

JIANG Bin, CHEN Xiaoping, HUANG Zhiyong, ZHANG Zhiwei, HE Songqing, WANG Shaofa, WU Zaide, QIU Fazu

期刊论文

功能影像检测食管癌放疗过程中再增殖和乏氧以及预测临床疗效研究

于金明

期刊论文